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KMID : 1143420160090210382
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Public Health Weekly Report
2016 Volume.9 No. 21 p.382 ~ p.387
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Monitoring of malaria vector mosquitoes and their Plasmodium vivax infection in the Republic of Korea, 2015
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Lee Hak-Seon
Roh Jong-Yul
Ju Young-Ran
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Abstract
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BACKGROUND: Plasmodium vivax malaria had been endemic in South Korea until the late 1970s. The eradication project by the government led South Korea to be declared malaria-free in 1979. However, P. vivax malaria re-emerged in 1993 at the northwestern demilitarized zone (DMZ). Subsequently, P. vivax malaria patients rapidly increased to the highest level of 4,142 patients in 2000. An intensive national control effort gradually decreased the cases to its lowest level of 385 in 2013. But the malaria cases rebounded in 2014 with 558 cases and in 2015, with 628 cases. As one of the malaria surveillance agencies, the Korean Center for Control and Prevention (KCDC) has been monitoring malaria vector mosquito density and P. vivax infection since 2009.
METHODOLOGY/RESULTS: Mosquitoes were collected at 35 sites in Incheon, northern Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do using black light trap daily from April to October 2015. Collected mosquitoes were sorted into two groups, malaria vector mosquitoes (Anopheles spp.) and the other mosquitoes. P. vivax infection of malaria vector mosquitoes tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In 2015, a total of 57,926 malaria vector mosquitoes were among 138,119 mosquitoes. Three P. vivax positive pools were detected among 1,556 pools (13,745 individuals) and its minimum infection rate was 0.22.
CONCLUSION: According to the monitoring result of malaria vector mosquitoes, early summer (June-July) is appropriate for a malaria elimination campaign until September. Further, public campaign and patient care should be maintained in endemic regions.
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KEYWORD
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